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What is net interest margin? How banks make money from lending

By SendPay Business · · 2 min read

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Net interest margin, often shortened to NIM, measures how much a bank earns from the gap between the interest it charges on loans and the interest it pays on deposits, as a share of the assets that earn interest.

How it is worked out

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A simple example

If a bank earns £50 million in interest, pays out £20 million, and has £1 billion of interest-earning assets, its net interest income is £30 million and its net interest margin is 3%.

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What moves it

Central bank interest rates, competition for savers, the mix of loans a bank makes, and how many borrowers fail to repay all affect the margin. When rates rise, margins often widen if banks raise loan rates faster than savings rates.

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How money apps earn differently

Many money apps do not lend, so they earn from fees instead: card interchange, currency exchange, subscriptions and transfers. A SendPay platform works this way. You set your own fees on accounts, cards, transfers, exchange and crypto trades, and SendPay does not offer lending.

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How it works

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SendPay Business is a technology company, not a bank. Accounts, cards and payments are powered by licensed partners.

Questions people ask

How do I work out net interest margin?

Subtract interest paid from interest earned over a year, then divide by average earning assets. The free calculator does it for you and also shows the spread.

Net interest margin calculator →
How do neobanks make money?

The main income streams for app-based banks.

Neobank income →
What is an interchange fee?

The fee earned each time a card is used.

Interchange fees →
Can I earn fees from my own app?

Yes, you set the fees on your own branded platform.

See platforms →

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Spotted a mistake or something out of date? and we'll fix it. How our guides are made

This guide is general information, not legal or financial advice. SendPay Business is a technology company, not a bank, and does not take deposits; regulated services on the platforms are provided by licensed partners. Other companies named in this guide are reference points only and are not affiliated with SendPay Business.